Election Date: September 17, 2005

Abstract: At stake: House of Representatives

At stake: House of Representatives

Background

British law was established in New Zealand under the Treaty of Waitangi in 1840, which also pledged to protect the rights of the aboriginal Maori population. To this day, the country is home to two dominant cultural groups: the descendants of European settlers and the Maori.

In 1893, New Zealand became the first country in the world to allow women to vote. The British colony committed thousands of soldiers during World War I and World War II, before becoming fully independent in 1947.

Two parties—Labour and National—have been the main political organizations in New Zealand for the past 70 years. Labour has provided nine prime ministers since 1935, with National accounting for the remaining six.

Until 1996, New Zealand relied on the first-past-the-post approach for parliamentary elections, where candidates earned a seat in the House of Representatives by getting more votes than any rival in a specific constituency. The party with more elected members—regardless of total vote count or percentage—then formed the government.

New Zealand voters backed the mixed-member proportional voting system in a 1993 binding referendum. The rationale allocates 65 seats in the House of Representatives as first-past-the-post, and 55 seats through proportional representation party lists. Since 2002, seven seats must be filled by Maori representatives.

The 1996 election resulted in a victory for the National party, commanded by Jim Bolger. The Nationals formed a loose coalition administration with the conservative New Zealand First party of Winston Peters. Bolger's tenure would be short, as social welfare minister Jenny Shipley launched a successful leadership challenge, taking over as National's leader and becoming the first female prime minister in December 1997.

In the 1999 election, Helen Clark led the Labour party to victory. Bill English would take over from Shipley as opposition leader in October 2001.

Clark earned a second term as prime minister in the 2002 election, when Labour elected 52 lawmakers to the 120-seat House of Representatives, and formed a government with the support of Jim Anderton's Progressive Coalition. National recorded its worst result in seven decades, with just 20.9 per cent of the vote.

Under Clark, New Zealand dealt with controversial topics such as prostitution and civil unions. The Labour government refused to support the United States-led coalition effort in Iraq. Bilateral relations between the U.S. and New Zealand were strained after the start of the war on terrorism. In 2003, U.S. commerce undersecretary Grant Aldones chided the Clark administration for its anti-nuclear stance, claiming American warships must be allowed to fight terrorism all over the world. Disarmament minister Marian Hobbs said the current government had no plans to amend the 1987 law that establishes New Zealand as a nuclear-free area.

In 2003, a Court of Appeal decision allowed the Maori Land Court the possibility of establishing a customary title to New Zealand's foreshore and seabed. In April 2004, Clark introduced legislation that vests ownership of the country's foreshore and seabed to the Crown. The ensuing discussions on aboriginal rights led to cabinet minister Tariana Turia's resignation. She was later re-elected to the House of Representatives as a candidate for the newly created Maori Party.

Don Brash has commanded the National party since October 2003. The 64-year-old politician defeated English in a leadership challenge. Brash implemented his party's strategy in two key speeches. In January 2004, Brash advocated for a "country with many peoples, not simply a society of Pakeha and Maori where the minority has a birthright to the upper hand, as the Labour government seems to believe." A year later, Brash criticized the sitting administration's welfare policies, and proposed cancelling benefits for single mothers who have more children, establishing tests for unemployed adults and tabling new guidelines for disability and sickness benefits.

Along with Australia, New Zealand is actively involved in Pacific affairs. The country committed troops to East Timor in 1999, and participated in the effort to restore order in the Solomon Islands in 2003.

2005 House of Representatives Election

In June 2005, three published public opinion surveys suggested a very close election. An AC Nielsen/Fairfax Newspapers poll gave the governing Labour party a two per cent lead over the opposition Nationals. In a TNS/TV3 study, Labour was ahead by four per cent. A Colmar Brunton/One News survey put National in front by two points.

Helen Clark is seeking a new term as New Zealand's head of government. The 55-year-old Clark has consistently topped all surveys on who New Zealanders prefer as their prime minister, but satisfaction with her government dropped, from 49 per cent in an April Colmar Brunton/One News poll to 44 per cent in June.

Clark announced a series of pre-campaign public meetings with seniors, saying, "I'll be going over some of the big improvements in health services, the extra money that has gone into aged residential care and home care (and) the big changes in primary health care."

National leader Don Brash has pledged to cut personal taxes "across the board" in April 2006. Finance minister Michael Cullen criticized the opposition leader's rationale in June, saying, "All he can put up to pay for this is the fact that the core public service has grown by 8,000 people over the last six years. Even if all those workers were sacked at no cost, this would go nowhere near paying for the kinds of tax cuts Dr. Brash is talking about—and he knows it."

On Jun. 21, both Clark and Brash were ejected from the House of Representatives for violating established rules. The prime minister yelled out while National member Nick Smith was asking a question, while the opposition leader tried to interrupt foreign minister Phil Goff during his intervention. Following the incidents, New Zealand's two main parties agreed to avoid personal attacks during the campaign.

The conservative New Zealand First party could become a key player in post-election negotiations. Earlier this year, party leader Winston Peters revealed that Amer Mahdi Al-Khashali—a former Iraqi agriculture minister in Saddam Hussein's regime—was living in New Zealand. In an editorial published in the New Zealand Herald, Peters described how his party "had consistently called for a tightening of the processing of visa and immigration documentation, both here and in foreign posts. We were called racist and xenophobic." Days later, immigration minister Paul Swain announced a "fundamental" review of the Immigration Act to achieve "firm, fast and fair immigration processes."

In a Jun. 26 speech to party faithful, Brash expressed confidence in his proposals, saying, "The things that mainstream, hard-working, over-taxed New Zealanders expect from their government are not that complicated, and they are certainly not unreasonable. But, almost six long years down the track, New Zealanders are getting the message that Helen Clark's government just isn't going to deliver on these expectations."

In early July, the Greens launched an official complaint after campaign billboards sponsored by the National party placed the word "Iwi" over a picture of prime minister Clark, and the word "Kiwi" over a picture of opposition leader Brash. Greens spokesman Nandor Tanczos said the advertisement is inaccurate, adding, "The foreshore and seabed legislation was a confiscation of Maori customary rights, so a billboard claiming Labour gave the beaches to iwi is simply false advertising."

On Jul. 12, Brash complained about the prime minister's delay in setting an election date, saying, "She's clearly playing a game and the public are getting fed up with it." A Clark spokesman disagreed with the National leader's assessment, saying, "She has said consistently that the government will go full term. Everyone knows it is going to be later rather than sooner."

On Jul. 15, Peters criticized pre-campaign activities from Labour's youth wing, which included the distribution of condoms with stickers that read "Be safe with Labour" and "Don't get screwed by National." The New Zealand First leader called the tactic "a serious insult to the intelligence of our youth population by correlating condoms with an increased youth interest in politics."

On Jul. 18, Clark expressed confidence in a positive outcome for her party, saying, "Certainly the record we're campaigning on, the policy we are taking forward, and there is new policy to come, leaves me every reason to be optimistic. It's a long game we're playing here."

Also on Jul. 18, Clark said the war in Iraq would become a campaign topic, declaring, "I have no doubts whatsoever that an issue in this election will be whether New Zealand makes decisions based on its own values and principles about where it engages militarily offshore."

In March 2003, National leader Bill English said his party would "be supporting the coalition of the willing. (...) We have no eagerness for war. We have no eagerness for the suffering that might come with it. But in the long term our interests lie with those of the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia."

On Jul. 19, Clark questioned the National leader's position on the coalition effort, saying, "This issue is about who you can trust to do what they say they will do. Two years ago there was a war on Iraq. The government took a decision on principle that the war was wrong (...) and we would not send young people to fight in it. What did Dr. Brash say? He said, 'If I was President Bush I would have done the same thing.'"

On Jul. 20, Brash said he would act in the "best interests" of New Zealand, adding, "Sometimes that will mean acting in response to the United Nations mandate and sometimes it will not and that's been our position right the way along. In some circumstances we might certainly go with the United States but we make that judgment in the light of what's in New Zealand's best interests."

July polls conducted by AC Nielsen/Fairfax Newspapers, UMR Research/Phillips Fox/National Business Review and Colmar Brunton/One News put National ahead of Labour by five per cent, four per cent, and three per cent respectively.

On Jul. 25, Clark announced that the election to renew the House of Representatives would take place on Sept. 17. The prime minister vowed to "keep building New Zealand economic strength and boost living standards and well-being" and said the ballot would be "about leadership, credibility and values."

Brash responded to the prime minister's announcement, saying, "This election is about finally tackling the issues of mainstream New Zealanders, after six years of Labour's PC social engineering. It is about providing the right incentives in the tax system, in education, and in the welfare system so that our children and grandchildren don't feel the need to move to Australia to have a decent life."

On Jul. 26, Clark dismissed the proposals of the opposition, saying, "We have delivered a much stronger economy, many more jobs, we have delivered higher living standards. (...) I don't think you can simultaneously promise less tax, more spending and more borrowing and not greatly destabilize the economic and social investment settings that New Zealand has."

Labour vowed to make all education loans interest-free for students living in New Zealand by next April. Clark said the move seeks to stop the "brain drain" of graduates, adding, "We know it's an issue of concern, and it's a concern to us that people might be going and staying away longer than they might do because they have big debts."

On Jul. 28, Brash vowed to scrap the practice of setting seven parliamentary seats aside for Maori candidates, saying, "Racially-based seats will be abolished by a National government. There is a dangerous drift toward racial separatism. We must choose between a nation in which every New Zealander is equal before the law, regardless of race, and a nation which is on the slippery slope to separatism."

Also on Jul. 28, Peters suggested that terrorists might be plotting an attack in the country, saying, "In New Zealand, the Muslim community have been quick to show us their more moderate face but there is a militant underbelly here as well. (...) These groups are like the mythical hydra, a serpent underbelly with multiple heads capable of striking at any time and in any direction."

In an interview published in the New Zealand Herald on Jul. 29, Peters criticized the proposals of the two main parties, saying, "I think the country does want a change. I think there is a majority for change, but that doesn't mean it will naturally materialize into that sentiment on election day. (...) Labour's out of touch (and) National's out of touch."

On Jul. 29, National introduced a plan aimed at removing New Zealand from the Kyoto Protocol in 2013, provided the country reduces its emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases at the same level as Australia and the United States.

On Aug. 1, Clark expressed her preference towards working with the Progressives, United Future and the Greens in a post-election coalition, adding, "People should be very careful about giving their votes to small parties when they don't know where those small parties would put their votes. People have been led up that path and let down very, very badly in the past."

On Aug. 2, Clark referred to pending treaty legislation, saying, "The ability to lodge historical claims has been in place for the best part of three decades. The time has come to move to resolution of these and to complete what is before us." Maori party candidate Robert Consedine urged political parties not to "trifle" with the Treaty of Waitangi, saying, "They shouldn't lose their nerve now just because of the election."

On Aug. 4, Clark vowed to settle all outstanding Maori land disputes, saying, "Under our policy, claims will need to be lodged by September 1, 2008, so that our timetable for conducting all settlements by 2020 can be met." The National party has pledged to resolve all unsettled claims by 2010. Brash described Labour's proposal as "putting a band-aid on a gaping wound." More than 1,200 land claims have been registered to date, and only 134 have been completed.

On Aug. 9, Brash defined his party's policy of "a responsible middle ground of managed immigration," saying, "If immigrants don't like the way we do things in New Zealand, then they chose the wrong country to migrate to." The National proposal seeks to establish a four-year probation period for every immigrant before gaining permanent residency. Immigration minister Paul Swain suggested that National's proposal was similar to the New Zealand First party's plans, saying "It seems to me (Brash) is trying to out-Winston Winston (Peters) and there is no future in National doing that."

An early August poll by Roy Morgan Research put support for both Labour and National at 38 per cent, while a Colmar Brunton/One News survey gave the governing political organization a four-point lead.

On Aug. 13, Clark and Greens co-leader Jeanette Fitzsimons launched two transport initiatives in Auckland. Progressive party leader Jim Anderton expressed his willingness to support a Labour-Green coalition government, but said his political organization would not endorse any changes to existing marijuana laws.

On Aug. 17, Clark presented her party's sixth election pledge. Labour has vowed to provide funding for 7,500 additional cataract procedures and 10,000 extra major joint operations over the next three years.

The governing party had previously committed to rates rebates for pensioners, making all education loans interest-free for students living in New Zealand, setting up 5,000 more apprenticeship places, settling all outstanding Maori land disputes by 2020, and providing 250 extra community police over the next two years.

National's health spokesman Paul Hutchison dismissed the latest pledge as "blatant window dressing," adding that Labour needs "to explain to voters why they are treating them like fools by pledging money they had already announced.

Also on Aug. 17, Greens co-leader Rod Donald expressed his intention to work with Labour following the election, saying, "By declaring which side we're on, we're giving voters real certainty about the future." Collaboration between the two parties ceased before the 2002 ballot, after disagreements on the issue of genetically modified organisms (GMO).

On Aug. 22, National released its fiscal policy, which includes plans to phase in personal tax cuts, and drop the corporate tax rate from 33 per cent to 30 per cent by 2008. Brash defined the proposal—worth an estimated $2.7 billion U.S. a year—as "a package designed to allow people to get ahead from their own efforts."

Finance minister Cullen criticized the plan, calling it "unfair, unaffordable and hypocritical." Peters offered to cancel the goods and service tax from fuel sales as an alternative solution.

On Aug. 21, Clark unveiled the seventh and final Labour campaign pledge—a savings incentive program called Kiwi Saver. The prime minister explained her rationale, saying, "Owning our own homes has long been central to the Kiwi dream. (...) A couple who have saved in the scheme for five years will get a ($7,000 U.S.) grant for their deposit, because Labour believes in New Zealanders having a chance to own their own homes."

On Aug. 22, Clark and Brash participated in a two-person televised debate. Following the meeting, Brash said it was "not entirely appropriate for a man to aggressively attack a woman. Had the other combatant been a man, my style might have been rather different. (...) I think it's particularly inappropriate for men to shout and scream at women. I think it sets a very bad example and I'm not interested in doing that."

Clark dismissed the opposition leader's claims, saying, "Sounds like an excuse for losing to me. I think after the event he's trying to work out what happened to him. I think in this day and age you don't treat women differently because they are female. I've grown up in a New Zealand where girls can do anything and we expected to be treated as equals."

On Aug. 24, Maori Party co-leader Tariana Turia expressed confidence in her political organization's relevance in a post-election deal, saying, "Both (Labour and National) will do anything to take power." Turia said her party's backers do not have a preferred partner.

Also on Aug. 24, Brash said he had "no problem" with homosexual couples formalizing their relationships, and said his party would not amend existing legislation on civil unions or prostitution if National were able to form a government.

On Aug. 25, Christian Heritage NZ party leader Ewen McQueen expressed dissatisfaction with Brash, saying, "Brash disappointed (with) his refusal to address moral issues in any substantive way. He refused to commit to any changes in either the civil unions or prostitution legislation. These are clearly issues that he simply doesn't want to deal with." McQueen said he hoped his party would become "a moral anchor to a centre-right government."

On Aug. 26, Clark urged Maori voters to support her party, saying, "All up, more than 40,000 more Maori are in work under Labour." The prime minister also pledged to support Maori business development through three existing bodies. Brash outlined his forestry policy, declaring, "I've made it very clear that we will not be doing logging of indigenous forests on crown-owned land."

In August, the price of gasoline neared $1.04 U.S. a litre in New Zealand. Clark said her government would not scrap any existing levies to ease costs, declaring, "We've got a huge road building and public transport program going on." Brash also ruled out any changes, saying, "If we waive that petrol tax, the capacity to provide income tax reduction is that degree reduced. We can't do both unfortunately."

August surveys by Colmar Brunton/One News, TNS/TV3, UMR Research/Phillips Fox/National Business Review and DigiPoll/New Zealand Herald put Labour ahead of National, with leads ranging from four to nine per cent.

On Aug. 29, Brash outlined his party's Maori-related policies, declaring, "National will treat all New Zealanders as equal before the law. We are one country, with many peoples, not two peoples living in some form of partnership. We want a situation where government agencies care for every New Zealander, be they Maori or non-Maori, rich or poor."

Also on Aug. 29, Maori Party co-leader Pita Sharples said the political organization would not work with National after Brash called for an end to race-based government funding, saying, "New Zealand should be celebrating Maori. What Dr. Brash is saying now will make it impossible for the Maori Party to go with him. (...) The (Treaty of Waitangi) was written by 150,000 Maori and 2,000 Pakeha, prescribing a formula for living together, and prescribing a set of rights by which Europeans can settle in this country. Why suddenly are they turning it around now that the Pakeha numbers are larger, and does that mean, if we get rid of the treaty, get rid of the settling rights of the European settlers that came here as well?"

On Aug. 30, Brash said his party's proposed fiscal policy would be "the bottom line" in any post-election coalition agreement. Peters criticized the tax plan, saying, "National has no costing on its health, it has no police and transport policies, yet will be borrowing to pay for tax cuts. That's total nuts."

Late August polls suggested a tight race. A Colmar Brunton/One News placed Labour with a three-point lead over National. A DigiPoll/New Zealand Herald study gave Labour a 4.3-point edge. A TNS/TV3 poll put National ahead by two points.

On Sept. 1, Brash denied any intervention by the Business Round Table in his political organization's proposals, declaring, "National party policy is made by the National party." Former leader Bill English dismissed the controversy, saying, "My focus is the same as Dr Brash's: mainstream New Zealanders want lower taxes, they want standards in education, and they want the Treaty (of Waitangi) sorted out. And when I'm out and about, that's what they're talking about."

On Sept. 2, ACT leader Rodney Hide urged voters in the Tauranga constituency to vote for National member Bob Clarkson, saying, "I think there's going to be an upset here and we wanted to show our support. (Voters) are actually sick of Winston and they've got a great candidate in Bob Clarkson. Peters losing Tauranga will allow National to deliver tax cuts."

Peters has held the Tauranga seat in the House of Representatives for 21 years, first as a National party member and later under the New Zealand First banner.

Polls released by AC Nielsen/Fairfax Newspapers and Colmar Brunton/One News in early September gave National a three-point and an eight-point lead respectively over Labour.

On Sept. 5, Brash said talk of a coalition administration with other political parties would be "a bit premature" at this stage. Clark dismissed any concerns about the latest public opinion surveys, saying, "At the end its going to come down to leadership, who you trust, who you believe, and whether you really want to make the radical change back to (...) the misery of the 1990s."

Labour's campaign spokesman Pete Hodgson dismissed the Colmar Brunton/One News survey's findings, saying, "This poll sits well outside the findings of many polls over the past few days or weeks and is therefore almost certainly a mistake rather than a trend."

On Sept. 7, Peters ruled out a formal alliance with either of the country's main parties, opting to support the expected minority government in specific legislative votes for the "stability for the people." Following the announcement, Brash said a vote for New Zealand First "doesn't deliver you anything which is predictable."

On Sept. 8, Brash denied any direct links between his political organization and a well-known sect, saying, "The Exclusive Brethren had told me some time back they were thoroughly fed up with the government and they would be distributing some pamphlets. I didn't read the pamphlets, I didn't fund the pamphlets, I didn't distribute the pamphlets. But they said they were opposed to this government and I said that's great."

Clark criticized the situation, saying, "What we're looking at in this election is a funding scandal of policies for sale and in this case the credibility of the leader of the National party on the line, because he said he had no idea where these pamphlets were coming from."

A late August TNS/TV3 survey gave Labour a nine-point lead, while an early September DigiPoll/New Zealand Herald study put Labour ahead by just half a point.

Also on Sept. 8, eight party leaders participated in a televised debate. Clark outlined her vision for New Zealand, saying, "Five years from now, I see a very proud and confident country. I see a country that's continuing to do well economically. I see a country which will have low unemployment." Brash expressed caution about the current government's policies, saying, "How are you going to deliver it? We need economic growth, and Labour hasn't delivered."

Peters defended his party's importance in any post-election coalition, declaring, "The system, establishment and politics need a watchdog—someone to keep them honest. If we weren't there then the next government will be either extremes of the left or the far right. That's what is good about us."

On Sept. 12, Brash expressed dissatisfaction with the campaign, declaring, "Voters have been served up distraction after distraction generated by our political opponents. They have constantly sought to divert attention away from the issues that matter."

On Sept. 13, Peters said Clarkson was the subject of a sexual harassment complaint filed in 2002. In an interview with National Radio, Clarkson explained the situation, saying, "The sexual harassment was quite clear—it was that (a woman) had been standing roughly eight metres meters from me and she heard me say to a fellow employee, 'I bet my left testicle that the (New Zealand rugby squad) All Blacks will win.' (...) There was no case. She withdrew after about three months."

Mid-September polls by AC Nielsen/Fairfax Newspapers and Colmar Brunton/One News gave National a four-point lead and a two-point lead respectively.

The last two voting intention polls released before the election outlined different outcomes. A Colmar Brunton/One News survey suggested National could elect 54 lawmakers, followed by Labour with 47 legislators. Brash called the impending ballot a "very close election," adding, "We'll let the people decide on Saturday."

Conversely, a TNS/TV3 study put Labour ahead with 50 legislators, followed by National with 48 seats. Clark expressed hope for a positive outcome, saying, "This election is about the future of the country we want to live in. (.) I believe when that hand goes over the ballot paper, people will be thinking, 'What's best for my country?'"

Voting took place on Sept. 17. Results released by the Chief Electoral Office (CEO) gave Labour 40.74 per cent of the vote, with National a close second with 39.63 per cent.

These results would give Labour control of 50 seats in a 122-member House of Representatives. With the support of the Greens with six lawmakers and the Progressives with one legislator, Clark would still fall short of a majority.

Clark expressed satisfaction, declaring, "I believe on the results of two terms in government running a minority government, I would be very confident of being able to form a stable government."

National would elect 49 legislators, and could count on the backing of ACT with two lawmakers. Brash declared, "We're not quite there yet. We can't yet claim a victory but I'm certainly not conceding defeat."

On Sept. 19, Clark said she was considering a "range of relationships" with other political parties in order to form a government, adding, "We're better to look at working with a range of parties. I think we need to be as inclusive as possible. That's what (the voters) want."

Brash said the absentee votes must be tallied "before we know the numbers of the House," adding, "I said Saturday that I wouldn't claim victory, but nor would I concede defeat, and that is still the case.

On Sept. 20, Brash was confirmed as National's leader. The politician said he understood that "political parties in New Zealand and indeed elsewhere don't normally continue with leaders who lose elections."

On Oct. 1, Clark said she would head the next administration, declaring, "The result of voting appeared to give the Labour party the opportunity to begin negotiations to form a new government. This has been confirmed by the declaration of the final result."

Brash acknowledged the outcome, saying, "The special votes did not improve National's chances of forming the next government, indeed they made those prospects slightly worse by having one seat fewer in Parliament than was true on the election night."

Clark is expected to settle on a minority government with the full backing of the Progressive's sole representative, and support in key parliamentary votes from the Greens, New Zealand First and United Future.

The prime minister said there would be no "timeline" for the formation of the new administration, so as not to "put pressure" on potential allies. Environment minister Marian Hobbs, immigration minister Paul Swain and police minister George Hawkins will not retain their portfolios in the new government.

Voter turnout was tabled at 80.9 per cent.

On Oct. 19, the new government was installed. Clark retained her position as prime minister, in a cabinet featuring New Zealand First leader Winston Peters as foreign minister, Phil Goff as defence minister, Rick Barker as interior minister, and United Future leader Peter Dunne as revenue minister. Michael Cullen retained the finance portfolio.

United Future and New Zealand First agreed to support the Labour administration in confidence and supply votes for the next three years.

Political Players

Queen: Elizabeth II
Governor-General: Dame Silvia Cartwright
Prime minister: Helen Clark - Lab.

Legislative Branch: The House of Representatives will have 121 members, elected to three-year terms; 69 members elected in multi-seat constituencies; and 52 members elected under the mixed-member proportional voting system on party lists.

Results of Last Election:

House of Representatives - Sept. 17, 2005

	Vote%	Electorate Seats	List Seats	Total Seats
Labour Party	41.10%	31	19	50
National Party	39.10%	31	17	48
New Zealand First Party	5.72%	--	7	7
Green Party	5.30%	--	6	6
Maori Party	2.12%	4	--	4
United Future New Zealand	2.67%	1	2	3
ACT New Zealand	1.51%	1	1	2
Jim Anderton's Progressive	1.16%	1	--	1
Destiny New Zealand	0.62%	--	--	--
Aotearoa Legalise Cannabis Party	0.25%	--	--	--
Christian Heritage NZ	0.12%	--	--	--
Alliance	0.07%	--	--	--
New Zealand Family Rights Protection Party	0.05%	--	--	--
Democrats for Social Credit	0.05%	--	--	--
Libertarianz	0.04%	--	--	--
Direct Democracy Party	0.03%	--	--	--
99 MP Party	0.03%	--	--	--
OneNZ Party	0.02%	--	--	--
The Republic of New Zealand Party	0.02%	--	--	--

 

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